What is the main action of salbutamol?

Salbutamol is primarily known for its action as a beta-2 adrenergic agonist. This means it specifically stimulates beta-2 receptors, which are predominantly found in the lungs. When salbutamol binds to these receptors, it leads to bronchodilation—relaxation of the smooth muscle surrounding the airways, making it easier to breathe. This mechanism is especially beneficial in the treatment of conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

While one might consider the other options, they do not accurately describe the main pharmacological action of salbutamol. For example, salbutamol does not cause sedation, nor is it primarily used to inhibit inflammation or reduce blood pressure. Its main purpose in clinical practice is to alleviate bronchospasm and improve airflow in patients experiencing respiratory distress.